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<h2>Ортопедические методы фиксации отломков нижней челюсти</h2> <p class="MsoBodyTextIndent3" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;
margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left:0cm;text-indent:36.0pt;tab-stops:list 342.0pt"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt">Этапы оказания помощи:</span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;margin-bottom:
0cm;margin-left:72.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
-36.0pt;mso-list:l3 level1 lfo6;tab-stops:72.0pt"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;
mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt">хирургическая обработка костной раны (если в этом имеется необходимость)</span><span lang="BE" style="font-size:14.0pt;mso-ansi-language:BE">;</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;margin-bottom:
0cm;margin-left:72.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
-36.0pt;mso-list:l3 level1 lfo6;tab-stops:72.0pt"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;
mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt">вправление и закрепление отломков челюсти</span><span lang="BE" style="font-size:14.0pt;
mso-ansi-language:BE">;</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;margin-bottom:
0cm;margin-left:72.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
-36.0pt;mso-list:l3 level1 lfo6;tab-stops:72.0pt"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;
mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt">назначение диетического и медикаментозного лечения.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:-6.8pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
36.0pt;tab-stops:45.0pt"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt">Показания к удалению зубов из линии перелома:</span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;margin-bottom:
0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:36.0pt;
mso-list:l1 level1 lfo5;tab-stops:72.0pt"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;
mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt">перелом корня; </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;margin-bottom:
0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:36.0pt;
mso-list:l1 level1 lfo5;tab-stops:72.0pt"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;
mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt">вывих и подвывих зуба;</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;margin-bottom:
0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:36.0pt;
mso-list:l1 level1 lfo5;tab-stops:72.0pt"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;
mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt">гангрена пульпы и периапикальные инфекционные очаги;</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;margin-bottom:
0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:36.0pt;
mso-list:l1 level1 lfo5;tab-stops:72.0pt"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;
mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt">зубы, вклинившиеся в щель перелома и препятствующие </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:-6.8pt;text-align:justify;tab-stops:
72.0pt"><span lang="BE" style="font-size:14.0pt;mso-ansi-language:BE"><span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt">сопоставлению отломков;</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;margin-bottom:
0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:36.0pt;
mso-list:l1 level1 lfo5;tab-stops:72.0pt"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;
mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt">резко подвижные и вывихнутые зубы;</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;margin-bottom:
0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:36.0pt;
mso-list:l1 level1 lfo5;tab-stops:72.0pt"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;
mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt">зубы, не поддающиеся консервативному лечению;</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;margin-bottom:
0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:36.0pt;
mso-list:l1 level1 lfo5;tab-stops:72.0pt"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;
mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt">наличие обширного повреждения лунки зуба с дефектами </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:-6.8pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
36.0pt;tab-stops:72.0pt"><span lang="BE" style="font-size:14.0pt;mso-ansi-language:
BE"><span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt">слизистой оболочки.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:-6.8pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
36.0pt"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:-6.8pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
36.0pt"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt">Выделяют три группы шин:</span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;margin-bottom:
0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:36.0pt;
mso-list:l2 level1 lfo4;tab-stops:list 18.0pt"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;
mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt">назубные (шина опирается только на зубы);</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;margin-bottom:
0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:36.0pt;
mso-list:l2 level1 lfo4;tab-stops:list 18.0pt"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;
mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt">зубо-десневые;</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;margin-bottom:
0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:36.0pt;
mso-list:l2 level1 lfo4;tab-stops:list 18.0pt"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;
mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt">десневые.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:-6.8pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
36.0pt;tab-stops:list 342.0pt"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt">Назубные шины.</span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:-6.8pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
36.0pt;tab-stops:list 342.0pt"><span style="font-size:14.0pt">В 1915-1916 г.г. С.С. Тигерштедтом разработана система шинирования с помощью назубных алюминиевых проволочных шин. </span></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" align="left" style="margin-right:-6.8pt;text-align:
left;text-indent:36.0pt;tab-stops:list 342.0pt"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:
normal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt">Инструменты и материалы, необходимые для шинирования.</span></i></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" align="left" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;
margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:left;
text-indent:36.0pt;mso-list:l6 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list 18.0pt"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:
Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt">крампонные щипцы;</span></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" align="left" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;
margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:left;
text-indent:36.0pt;mso-list:l6 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list 18.0pt"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:
Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt">щипцы-плоскогубцы;</span></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" align="left" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;
margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:left;
text-indent:36.0pt;mso-list:l6 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list 18.0pt"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:
Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt">коронковые ножницы;</span></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" align="left" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;
margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:left;
text-indent:36.0pt;mso-list:l6 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list 18.0pt"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:
Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt">напильник для металла со средней насечкой;</span></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" align="left" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;
margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:left;
text-indent:36.0pt;mso-list:l6 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list 18.0pt"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:
Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt">анатомический пинцет;</span></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" align="left" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;
margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:left;
text-indent:36.0pt;mso-list:l6 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list 18.0pt"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:
Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt">стоматологический пинцет;</span></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" align="left" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;
margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:left;
text-indent:36.0pt;mso-list:l6 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list 18.0pt"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:
Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt">зажим Пеана;</span></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" align="left" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;
margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:left;
text-indent:36.0pt;mso-list:l6 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list 18.0pt"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:
Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt">алюминиевая проволока;</span></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" align="left" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;
margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:left;
text-indent:36.0pt;mso-list:l6 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list 18.0pt"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:
Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt">лигатурная бронзо-алюминиевая проволока;</span></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" align="left" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;
margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:left;
text-indent:36.0pt;mso-list:l6 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list 18.0pt"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:
Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt">резиновые кольца, нарезанные из дренажной трубки </span></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" align="left" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;
margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:35.4pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:left"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt">диаметром 5 мм.</span></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" align="left" style="margin-right:-6.8pt;text-align:
left;text-indent:36.0pt;tab-stops:list 342.0pt"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:
normal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt">Правила наложения проволочных шин</span></i><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt">.</span></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" align="left" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;
margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:72.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:left;
text-indent:-36.0pt;mso-list:l5 level1 lfo7"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:
Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt">точечный контакт с каждым из зубов</span><span lang="BE" style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;
mso-ansi-language:BE">;</span></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" align="left" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;
margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:72.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:left;
text-indent:-36.0pt;mso-list:l5 level1 lfo7"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:
Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt">зацепные крючки располагаются соответственно коронке зуба, а не в межзубном промежутке</span><span lang="BE" style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;mso-ansi-language:BE">;</span></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" align="left" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;
margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:72.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:left;
text-indent:-36.0pt;mso-list:l5 level1 lfo7"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:
Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt">крючков должно быть не менее 5-6</span><span lang="BE" style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;
mso-ansi-language:BE">;</span></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" align="left" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;
margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:72.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:left;
text-indent:-36.0pt;mso-list:l5 level1 lfo7"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:
Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt">расстояние между крючками 10-15 мм, их длина 3,5-4 мм</span><span lang="BE" style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;mso-ansi-language:BE">;</span></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" align="left" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;
margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:72.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:left;
text-indent:-36.0pt;mso-list:l5 level1 lfo7"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:
Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt">зацепные крючки изгибают под углом 35-40 градусов к горизонтальной плоскости шины</span><span lang="BE" style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;mso-ansi-language:BE">;</span></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" align="left" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;
margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:72.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:left;
text-indent:-36.0pt;mso-list:l5 level1 lfo7"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:
Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt">шинирование должно быть проведено по всей длине зубного ряда</span><span lang="BE" style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;mso-ansi-language:BE">;</span></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" align="left" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;
margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:72.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:left;
text-indent:-36.0pt;mso-list:l5 level1 lfo7"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:
Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt">лигатурной проволокой должен быть фиксирован каждый зуб</span><span lang="BE" style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;mso-ansi-language:BE">;</span></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" align="left" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;
margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:72.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:left;
text-indent:-36.0pt;mso-list:l5 level1 lfo7"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:
Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt">локализация шины в области шеек зубов</span><span lang="BE" style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;
mso-ansi-language:BE">;</span></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" align="left" style="margin-right:-6.8pt;text-align:
left;text-indent:36.0pt;tab-stops:list 342.0pt"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:
normal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt">Виды шин:</span></i></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" align="left" style="margin-right:-6.8pt;text-align:
left;text-indent:36.0pt;tab-stops:list 342.0pt"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:
normal"><span lang="BE" style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;mso-ansi-language:BE"><o:p> </o:p></span></i></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" align="left" style="margin-right:-6.8pt;text-align:
left;text-indent:36.0pt;tab-stops:list 342.0pt"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:
normal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt">1. Гладкая одночелюстная шина – скоба.</span></i></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="margin-right:-6.8pt;text-indent:36.0pt;
tab-stops:list 342.0pt"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt">Показана при одиночных переломах в линии зубного ряда и<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>незначительной подвижности и смещении отломков. </span></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" align="left" style="margin-right:-6.8pt;text-align:
left;text-indent:36.0pt"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"><span lang="BE" style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;mso-ansi-language:BE"><o:p> </o:p></span></i></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" align="left" style="margin-right:-6.8pt;text-align:
left;text-indent:36.0pt"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt">2. Шина с распорочным изгибом</span></i><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt"> – применяется при отсутствии зубов в линии перелома для предупреждения захождения отломков.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:-6.8pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
36.0pt;tab-stops:54.0pt list 342.0pt"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"><span lang="BE" style="font-size:14.0pt;mso-ansi-language:BE"><o:p> </o:p></span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:-6.8pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
36.0pt;tab-stops:54.0pt list 342.0pt"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt">3. Шина с наклонной плоскостью </span></i><span style="font-size:14.0pt">– применяется при переломе в<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>области шейки суставного отростка для предупреждения боковых смещений нижней челюсти.</span></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" align="left" style="margin-right:-6.8pt;text-align:
left;text-indent:36.0pt"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"><span lang="BE" style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;mso-ansi-language:BE"><o:p> </o:p></span></i></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" align="left" style="margin-right:-6.8pt;text-align:
left;text-indent:36.0pt"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt">4. Двучелюстная шина с зацепными петлями и межчелюстной резиновой тягой.</span></i></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" align="left" style="margin-right:-6.8pt;text-align:
left;text-indent:36.0pt"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></i></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" align="left" style="margin-right:-6.8pt;text-align:
left;text-indent:36.0pt"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt">Показана в следующих случаях:<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></i></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" align="left" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;
margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:left;
text-indent:36.0pt;mso-list:l4 level1 lfo3;tab-stops:list 18.0pt"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:
Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt">линия перелома находится за пределами<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>зубной дуги;</span></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" align="left" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;
margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:left;
text-indent:36.0pt;mso-list:l4 level1 lfo3;tab-stops:list 18.0pt"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:
Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt">значительное смещение отломков;</span></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" align="left" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;
margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:left;
text-indent:36.0pt;mso-list:l4 level1 lfo3;tab-stops:list 18.0pt"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:
Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt">переломы верхней челюсти;</span></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" align="left" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;
margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:left;
text-indent:36.0pt;mso-list:l4 level1 lfo3;tab-stops:list 18.0pt"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:
Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt">переломы двух челюстей одновременно;</span></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" align="left" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;
margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:left;
text-indent:36.0pt;mso-list:l4 level1 lfo3;tab-stops:list 18.0pt"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:
Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt">двойные, двусторонние, тройные переломы.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:-6.8pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
36.0pt;tab-stops:54.0pt list 342.0pt"><span lang="BE" style="font-size:14.0pt;
mso-ansi-language:BE"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:-6.8pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
36.0pt;tab-stops:54.0pt list 342.0pt"><span lang="BE" style="font-size:14.0pt;
mso-ansi-language:BE"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:-6.8pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
36.0pt;tab-stops:54.0pt list 342.0pt"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt">Недостатки<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>гнутых проволочных шин:</span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;margin-bottom:
0cm;margin-left:72.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
-36.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2;tab-stops:list 18.0pt left 72.0pt"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;
mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt">трудность и длительность их изгибания;</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;margin-bottom:
0cm;margin-left:72.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
-36.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2;tab-stops:list 18.0pt left 72.0pt"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;
mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt">травмирование зацепными петлями слизистой оболочки губ и щек;</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;margin-bottom:
0cm;margin-left:72.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
-36.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2;tab-stops:list 18.0pt left 72.0pt"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;
mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt">сложность гигиенического содержания полости рта; </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;margin-bottom:
0cm;margin-left:72.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
-36.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2;tab-stops:list 18.0pt left 72.0pt"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;
mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt">препятствие правильному смыканию зубных рядов при наличии глубокого прикуса;</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:-6.8pt;margin-bottom:
0cm;margin-left:72.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
-36.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2;tab-stops:list 18.0pt left 72.0pt"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;
mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt">невозможность заготовки шин впрок.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:-6.8pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
36.0pt;tab-stops:list 342.0pt"><span style="font-size:14.0pt">Шина В.С. Васильева (1967) - стандартная назубная ленточная шина из нержавеющей стали с готовыми зацепными крючками. </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:-6.8pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
36.0pt;tab-stops:list 342.0pt"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:-6.8pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
36.0pt;tab-stops:list 342.0pt"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt">Зубодесневые шины -<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></i><span style="font-size:14.0pt">шина Вебера, шина Ванкевич.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:-6.8pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
36.0pt;tab-stops:list 342.0pt"><span style="font-size:14.0pt">Опираются на зубы и слизистую альвеолярного отростка.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:-6.8pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
36.0pt;tab-stops:list 342.0pt"><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:-6.8pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
36.0pt;tab-stops:list 342.0pt"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt">Десневые шины - </span></i><span style="font-size:
14.0pt">шина Порта.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:-6.8pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
36.0pt;tab-stops:list 342.0pt"><span style="font-size:14.0pt">Опираются только на слизистую оболочку альвеолярного отростка. Используются при полном отсутствии зубов.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:-6.8pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
36.0pt;tab-stops:list 342.0pt"><span style="font-size:14.0pt">Представляет собой две базисные пластинки, соединенные между собой. В центре – отверстие для приема пищи.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right:-6.8pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:
36.0pt;tab-stops:list 342.0pt"><span style="font-size:14.0pt">Дополняется пращевидной повязкой.</span></p><p> </p><p></p><p><i>Источник: stomfak.ru</i></p> <ul> <li><a href='/vsestati/septomirin-0'>Септомирин</a></li> <li><a href='/vsestati/zdorove-polosti-rta-nepriyatny-zapah-izo-rta-0'>Здоровье полости рта: Неприятный запах изо рта</a></li> <li><a href='/vsestati/osteomielit-chelyustey-1'>Остеомиелит челюстей</a></li> <li><a href='/vsestati/poslerodovoy-period'>Послеродовой период</a></li> <li><a href='/vsestati/stomatidin-(stomatidine)-1'>Стоматидин (Stomatidine)</a></li> </ul>
